The History and Evolution of Two Major Indian Political Parties: DMK and AIADMK
Emergence of DMK:
The Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK), founded in 1949 by C.N. Annadurai, is a regional political party in Tamil Nadu. Its ideology is centered on Dravidian nationalism and social justice.
Key Principles of DMK:
- Advocacy for Tamil language, culture, and self-determination
- Opposition to Brahminical dominance and caste-based discrimination
- Secularism and social welfare policies
Split and Formation of AIADMK:
In 1972, a rift within the DMK led to the formation of the All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (AIADMK) by M.G. Ramachandran (MGR), a popular film star and former DMK member.
Distinctive Features of AIADMK:
- Emphasis on charismatic leadership and populist policies
- Adoption of a more conservative and pro-Hindu stance
- Focus on rural development and infrastructure projects
Ideological Differences:
While both DMK and AIADMK have Dravidian roots, they differ in their political ideologies:
- DMK: Centre-left, social justice-oriented
- AIADMK: Centre-right, pro-business and pro-Hindu
Electoral Performance:
Both parties have enjoyed significant electoral success in Tamil Nadu, alternating in power since 1967:
- DMK: 15 terms in power
- AIADMK: 11 terms in power
Ongoing Rivalry:
The rivalry between DMK and AIADMK remains a defining feature of Tamil Nadu politics, with both parties competing fiercely for the support of voters.
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